Ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyi-10 zika-2023, ukuthengiswa kwendwangu yasekhaya yaseShayina kwamanye amazwe kwehle kancane, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwashintsha kakhulu, kodwa isimo sokuthunyelwa kwendwangu nezingubo zokugqoka sonkana sasisezinzile. Njengamanje, ngemva kokukhula kokuthunyelwa kwendwangu yasekhaya ngo-August no-September, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwabuyela emgudwini wokwehla ngo-Okthoba, futhi ukukhula okungekuhle okwandayo kwakusagcinwa. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-China ezimakethe zendabuko ezifana ne-United States ne-Europe kuye kwalulama kancane kancane, futhi ngemva kokuphothulwa kokugaywa kwempahla yaphesheya kwezilwandle, kulindeleke ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuzozinza kancane kancane esikhathini esizayo.
Ukwehla okwenyukayo kokuthekelisa ngo-Okthoba kunwetshiwe
Emuva kokunyuka okuncane ngo-Agasti noSepthemba, ukuthunyelwa kwendwangu yami yasekhaya kwehle futhi ngo-Okthoba, kwehle ngo-3%, futhi inani lokuthekelisa lehla lisuka ku-3.13 billion wamadola aseMelika ngoSepthemba laya ku-2.81 billion wamadola aseMelika. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba, ukuthunyelwa kwendwangu yasekhaya okuhlanganisiwe kwe-China bekungama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-27.33, kwehle kancane ngo-0.5%, futhi ukwehla okukhulayo kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-0.3 kusuka enyangeni edlule.
Esigabeni somkhiqizo, ukuthunyelwa kokhaphethi okuthe xaxa, izimpahla zasekhishini nezindwangu zetafula kugcine ukukhula okuhle. Ikakhulukazi, ukuthunyelwa kwekhaphethi kwamanye amazwe kwezigidigidi ezi-3.32 zamadola aseMelika, okukhuphuke ngo-4.4%; Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwempahla yasekhishini bekungamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.43, kwenyuke ngo-9% unyaka nonyaka; Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwendwangu yetafula bekungamadola aseMelika ayizigidi ezingama-670, kwenyuke ngo-4.3% unyaka nonyaka. Ukwengeza, inani lokuthekelisa lemikhiqizo yokulala lalingamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-11.57, lehle ngo-1.8% unyaka nonyaka; Ukuthunyelwa kwethawula kwamanye amazwe kwafinyelela ku-1.84 wamadola aseMelika, phansi ngo-7.9% unyaka nonyaka; Ukuthunyelwa kwezingubo zokulala, amakhethini nezinye izimpahla zokuhlobisa kwaqhubeka kwehla ngamaphesenti angu-0.9, amaphesenti angu-2.1 namaphesenti angu-3.2, ngokulandelana, konke ngenani elincishisiwe kusukela ngenyanga edlule.
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla e-United States naseYurophu kwasheshisa ukusimama, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa emazweni asafufusa kwehla
Izimakethe ezine eziphezulu zokuthunyelwa kwendwangu yasekhaya yaseChina yi-United States, i-ASEAN, i-European Union kanye ne-Japan. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-United States bekungama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-8.65, kwehle ngo-1.5% unyaka nonyaka, futhi ukwehla okukhulayo kwaqhubeka kuncipha ngamaphesenti angu-2.7 uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga edlule; Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla e-ASEAN kufinyelele e-US $3.2 bhiliyoni, kukhuphuke ngo-1.5% unyaka nonyaka, futhi izinga lokukhula elikhulayo liqhubekile nokwehla ngesivinini ngamaphesenti angu-5 uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga edlule; Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla e-EU kwakungu-US $ 3.35 billion, phansi ngo-5% unyaka nonyaka kanye namaphesenti angu-1.6 amaphuzu aphansi kunenyanga edlule; Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla e-Japan bekungama-US $2.17 webhiliyoni, kwehle ngo-12.8% unyaka nonyaka, kwakhuphuka ngamaphesenti angu-1.6 amaphuzu kusukela enyangeni edlule; Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Australia kwabalelwa ku-$980 million, kwehle ngo-6.9%, noma amaphuzu angu-1.4%.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emazweni agudle iBelt and Road kufinyelele ku-7.43 billion wamadola aseMelika, okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-6.9 unyaka nonyaka. Ukuthunyelwa kwayo emazweni ayisithupha e-Gulf Cooperation Council eMpumalanga Ephakathi bekungama-US $1.21 billion, kwehle ngo-3.3% unyaka nonyaka. Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emazweni amahlanu ase-Asia Ephakathi kufinyelele kuma-dollar ayizigidi ezingu-680, nokugcina ukukhula okusheshayo kwe-46.1%; Ukuthunyelwa kwayo e-Afrika kwakuyi-US $1.17 billion, ikhuphuke ngo-10.1% unyaka nonyaka; Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla e-Latin America bekungama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.39, kwenyuke ngo-6.3%.
Ukusebenza kokuthekelisa kwezifundazwe ezinkulu namadolobhakazi akulingani. I-Zhejiang ne-Guangdong zigcina ukukhula okuhle
I-Zhejiang, i-Jiangsu, i-Shandong, i-Guangdong ne-Shanghai ikleliswe phakathi kwezifundazwe namadolobha amahlanu aphezulu okuthunyelwa kwendwangu yasekhaya. Phakathi kwezifundazwe namadolobha amaningana aphezulu, ngaphandle kwaseShandong, ukwehla kuye kwanda, futhi ezinye izifundazwe namadolobha ziye zagcina ukukhula okuhle noma zanciphisa ukwehla. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba, ukuthunyelwa kwe-Zhejiang kwamanye amazwe kufinyelele ku-8.43 wamadola aseMelika, kukhuphuke ngo-2.8% unyaka nonyaka; Ukuthunyelwa kweJiangsu kwakungu-$5.94 billion, kwehle ngo-4.7%; Ukuthunyelwa kweShandong kwamanye amazwe bekungamadola ayizigidigidi ezi-3.63, kwehle ngo-8.9%; Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Guangdong kwakungu-US $2.36 wezigidigidi, kwenyuke ngo-19.7%; Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Shanghai kwamanye amazwe bekungama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-1.66, kwehle ngo-13%. Phakathi kwezinye izifunda, i-Xinjiang ne-Heilongjiang igcine ukukhula okuphezulu kokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe ngokwethembela ekuhwebeni kwasemngceleni, okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-84.2 kanye nama-95.6% ngokulandelana.
Ukuthengwa kwendwangu yasekhaya yase-United States, Europe kanye nase-Japan kubonise ukwehla
Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba 2023, i-United States ingenise amadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-12.32 emikhiqizo yendwangu yasekhaya, yehle ngo-21.4%, lapho ukuthengwa kwempahla evela eChina kwehle ngo-26.3%, okulinganiselwa ku-42.4%, kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-2.8 kusukela esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthengiswa kwe-US okuvela eNdiya, ePakistan, eTurkey naseVietnam kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-17.7, amaphesenti angu-20.7, amaphesenti angu-21.8 namaphesenti angu-27 ngokulandelana. Phakathi kwemithombo emikhulu yokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, ukungenisa kuphela okuvela eMexico kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-14.4.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba, ukungeniswa kwe-EU kwemikhiqizo yendwangu yasekhaya bekungama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-7.34, kwehle ngo-17.7%, lapho ukuthengiswa okuvela eChina kwehle ngo-22.7%, okubalelwa ku-35%, kwehle ngamaphesenti angama-2.3 ukusuka esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka owedlule. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthengiswa kwe-EU okuvela ePakistan, eTurkey naseNdiya kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-13.8, amaphesenti angu-12.2 namaphesenti angu-24.8 ngokulandelana, kuyilapho ukuthengiswa okuvela e-UK kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-7.3.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba, iJapan ingenise amadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.7 emikhiqizo yendwangu yasekhaya, yehle ngo-11.2%, lapho ukuthengwa kwempahla evela eChina kwehle ngo-12.2%, okubalelwa ku-74%, kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-0.8 kusukela esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule. Ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe okuvela eVietnam, e-India, eThailand nase-Indonesia kwehle ngamaphesenti angu-7.1, ngamaphesenti angu-24.3, , ngokulandelana, ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Sekukonke, imakethe yendwangu yasekhaya yamazwe ngamazwe kancane kancane ibuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngemva kokubhekana nokuguquguquka. Isidingo sezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe esivamile njenge-United States ne-Europe silulama ngokushesha, futhi ukugayeka okuyisisekelo kohlu lwezimpahla sekuphelile futhi inkathi yokuthenga efana ne-“Black Friday” ikhuthaze ukutholwa ngokushesha kokuthunyelwa kwendwangu yami yasekhaya e-United States naseYurophu kusukela ngo-August. Kodwa-ke, isidingo sezimakethe ezisafufusa sehlile kancane, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwazo emazweni angaphandle kuye kwasimama kancane kancane kusukela ekukhuleni ngesivinini esikhulu kuya emazingeni okukhula ajwayelekile. Ngokuzayo, amabhizinisi ethu athumela izindwangu kufanele alwele ukuhamba ngezinyawo ezimbili, kuyilapho ehlola izimakethe ezintsha, azinzise isabelo sokukhula kwezimakethe ezivamile, agweme ukuthembela ngokweqile engcupheni yemakethe eyodwa, futhi azuze ukwakheka okuhlukahlukene kwemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-02-2024